Firearm.



W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23. 1916- RENEWED JULY 22.1919.

Patented Sept. 9; 1919.

'4 sun's-sun 1 W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION man MAR. 23. 1916. RENEWED JULY 22.1919. 1,315,295.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Memes W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED ha. 23, 1916. RENEWED JULY 22. I919.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

'4 8HEETS-SHEET 3- m rum-Mm I'LANOGRAPII Cm, WASHINGTON, n. C.

W. D. FORBES.

FIREARM.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAR. 23, m6. RENEWED JULY 22.1919.

1,315,295. PatentedSept. 9,1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 'wr'rlilmivi n. ORBE$0FNEW LONDON, commonest.

FIREARM.

Specification of Lettrsratenfi "Application filed Marches, 1916,Seria1No.86,'072. Renewed Jiily 22; 1919. SerialNo312,575r

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WVILLIAM D. FORBES,

' a citizen OfilllG United States, residing in New London, in the countyof New London and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Fire-:

arms, of which the following is a speeifica- 1 tion. 1

This invention relates more especially to that class of breech-loadingfirearms which are known as bolt-guns, and a'principal object istofurnish a breech-loader having'an improvedbolt-mechanism especiallyadapted for use. in military and other rifles using relatively long andhigh-power cartridges. Accordingly, and to facilitate the illustrationthereof, the present improvements are shown in the accompanying drawingsas be I ing applied to a"shoulder-arm of a wellknown type. j H v In'thedrawings,Figure1 is a plan View as seen from above in Fig. 2, of themidlength portionof a firearm made in accordance with my presentimprovements.

and as seen from below in Fig. 1, certain F ig. 2 is a side view, onthesame scale as,

' portions being in section.

as a hand-load ng firearm.

Fig. 3"is an end elevation of Fig.2. Fig. 4:1is'a side elevation, partlyin section, showing the parts" in semi-operative position Fig. 5isaside-elevation in section taken on line 55 of Fig. 1,'of' a magazinefirearm in inoperative position after beingfired.

Fig. 6 is the same elevation, showing the 7 bolt in retracted positionand ejecting a cartridge.

Fig. '1' is thesaine elevation, showing the bolt after loadin a cartride and the firin b a g a member setrea'dy for firing.

Fig. 8 is a top plan of the assembled bolt mechanism. 1

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the same, and looking from the forwardend.

' Fig-J10 is an under plan view of the bolt,

partly in section.

firing member.

'Figflle' is a side elevation, partly. in-section, showing thefiringdevice ina cocked.

position.

Fig. is atransverse section of same on line 15154of.Fig. 14. x i F ig';16 is a View of the firingdevice and the sear in a lockedor safetyposition. 7

Fig. 17 is a transverse section line'17-. l7 of Fig.- 16.

Patented s'e'pt. Q, EH9

r to of same on Fig. 18 is a sectional elevation'of certain parts takenon line l8'l8.o-f Figs. and 14, respectively.

operative view Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic of the bolt extracting acartridge, andFig:

20 is a diagrammaticoperative View, show-f ing the'coaction of thesear-face with the bolt. v f

The usual barrel, B, is shown mountedon a stockE, and in practicewillbe. provided withgthe usual rear and front sights," at 6 the latterfnotshown. The stock is' prefen' ablymade of wood, and itmaybeefsuchsuitable or usual proportions asmaybe' clesired; hence inallthe-figures, the rearward end or butt of the stockis not'shownr Therearward end of the barrel B- is shown provided'with a screw thread at 6whereby to secure the barrel in a well-known manner to a. tubular, 0r,hollow, receiver which is herein designated in a generalwav by C, andextends rearwardlyrfrom'the'barrel and above the stock, E. Below thestock E, is located a trigger-guard; or guardplate, F, which maybereinovablyheld in place by some suitable screws, as 7", ext emt ingthrough the guard and stock, and

threaded into the receiver," preferably in about the manner indicated,for instance,'in'

7. I V The gnard-plateF is shown provided with a mortise or slotyf forthe trigger g and with the usual bow or depending. guard, F, for thelower end 9 ofthe trigger which is pivoted to thesear at g. Forwardofthe guard f the plate F is shownbroadeiied and formed for receivingthrough a mortise therein, as 6 the box or casingyas of a cartridgemagazineH, (see Figs. & to 7 The sear-member, G, is shown" pi'vota'llysupported at 9 in a projecting part 0 of the frame, and is operable byany suitable trigger device; these two elements 'I'designate as thetrigger-Seardevice.

In my pre'sent improvements,as in bolt- 3 guns generally,'the movementsof the tubu-.

lar breech-bolt D in the receiver 0, com--..

I prise the usuallongstroke retractive movement rearwardly from thefiring position, as shown by comparison of Figs. 6,7, and an;oscillating; movement when in the forward f position, as shown bycomparison ofi'the sec tional views, Figsf6, 7 and 15'; ,To provide forthese boltmovements, the receiver C'is shown formed with the arm-slot cin; the.

' upper part thereof, and with the "lateral re gaging the'bolt-lugs'd",withand-fromthef receiver,- in aliwell-knOwxi mannen-The w I shankportion d of the bolt-operating cess or space at the forward endofj'saidf slot or guide-way, for permitting the rotation of the boltwhen in forward position,

(Fig. 2), for thereby engaging and odisenhandle d gisgfiaeato movefreely within said slot, c" andrecess 0 while the rearward; stroke'ofthe'bolt is limited by the remor-V' o ablestroke l-imiting stopdevise-K;,wh en this sideof the receiverhas a counterpart in'the' 5similarly shapedlpath-way "d in the lower side of the. breech-bolt; this"slotand'-'recess the-bolt-guiding handleFarm-d is, shown at stopisremoved, the bolt"-D*may:be withdrawn rearwardlyout of the-receiver:Thus" the stop K {is an assembling device,' in addition to being astroke-changing device as elsewhere herein more fully explained; V

The' formofreceiver or frame shown in the drawings is of the usualtubularf-kind in that 1 it has V a central openingthe entireqlengthqthereof, so vthat the breech bolt, onthe stroke-limiting stopbeingremovejd'fmay be withdrawn from the 'receiver through-the rearwardendofthat central opening; The slot-and recessguide-way 63in the-upperse'ar point path-way, however, is arranged in themechanism in areverse'manner' as to tending toward a. the right hand is; vcircumferentiallyopposite,- relatively to; both the breech-boltahd thereceiver, of the recess cl which, being "below the bolt, also extendsto- War'djthe right-handras would Joe seen in a plan view. This featureand arrangement is illustrated inthe diagram Fig. 20, where I theforward end of the receiver guide-way c while the sear-point g is shownin a corresponding position at the rearward end of the) path-way slot (5and in interlocking engagementwith a safety-face or rim (1 In thepresentinstance, I haveshown the bolt-strokelimiting stop K projectingfrom an arc-shaped member which is applied f Fig. 4. E In practice, saidstopinemben 6};

l stru c tion, V and" may be provided withjanya 7 line t gof'th'eextractor d F'is thuslin an iIi-i i the pivot 03 and {intersects atheline i of v indicated' by arrow r Fig -l;9) andso that 1 a fixedpoint inthe 'retractive stroke of the breech-bolt. f

ceiver, G,--andi s shiftable fro aninefiectixie, P sit n, 1 o t ten iPosi io may have any suitable and; convenient "cjon suitable :retaining'means, ;preferf;to*"' .hold themember/la in place by means 'of, a "somesimple :form of, boltorscreM asW,

p s n through a s t; c 7 g-5 27- h whole {stop-device being so arrangedthat it may be'readilyxpushed. into oneposition-or if the other, as"from Fig'gQi to Fig. ,6, .or'vice," r

' Thus the stroke limiting device may be: considered as comprising aflshiftable stopg 7 member, as K, i'and aficoaetingreeess' "jalld stop-face, as d? and d, (Figsg and'6)' ap: j purtenant to'the'breech-b'oltb;In-Fig. t;-the' V recess (Z 7 is shown somewhat vwider than the}stop-endrlcflito provideforafsmalljamount of -:rotative movement bf thebreech-bolt- D T without thereby interfering with the Proper p v actionof the stop-device;Thisifeature is coeperative' in some respects. withafrota tion-limiting meansor device by which the rotative oroscillating: movement- 0f 3 the, E breech-bolt is or may Vbei'restrietedat cer; tain times, in a manner} and for-,purpos es elsewhere hereinmore fully explained; T1}:

Whilefbei'ng retractedfgthef shell rests against thebolt-face at 01. 9,and" the tension clined direction from, the hook-faceld fto thrust ofthe ejector pin d -E se that the fo ward pressure of the filiiig-ispring d a ing through; the, pin d "tends to draw" the hook 01inwardly toward the; firing pin; as

the reduced forward end of the 'shelhQas at. V 7 j Fig. 19, isswungupwardlyfagainst':the] barrel, and, on'fully emerging, (seedottedfl position t?) is 1 quicklyfgforced" out, 7' or. ejected.v V In,this manner, thejshell during the extractionstroke thereof, is under acons V tinued spring action whichbecomes efiectivef instantly on theshellientirely; leaving the ,bore, 'whatever the lengthjiofthe she'llvmay be; also), on a m'is-fire' occuring, the ejectingoperationtakesrplace at a relatively later :mom'ent, owing to theextension "ofthe {pro-C I j ectile forwardly. from the shell," Thus thetiming of the'ejeoting ct is dependent on the, v '1 I article. which isbeing extracted, rathertha'n V V uponan ejector means which is operativeil i 20 The magazine as "regardsthe holding fjoff. i the pp w trge, m yfb firrans b in various ways. in accordance is with 10011 1125structions already known *in the priorart. 'r ccordingto. one of thesearrangements (not shown) "which is .well known con? irection with the socalled Springfield rifle, the magazine is provided with lips or ribswhereby the uppermost cartridge will i beheld down to the position ofthe cartridge J as shown in Fig. 6; in this position, the bolt-D whenmoving forward takes against the upper part of the cartridge head and sodrives the cartridge forwardly and thus loads the cartridge into thebarrel.

- Another arrangement of the magazine may be used in which said sideribs or stops are omitted so that when the bolt is in its fullyretracted position, as shown in Fig. 6,

the head of .the uppermost cartridge will come up below the protrudingfiring-pin after the manner which will be evident from Fig. 6.

The tubular bolt not only carries therein the firing member, as al buthas formed in the lower side thereof, a long slot d,-

which has therein a lateral recess (Z (Fig. 10), which corresponds withsaid receiver slot 0 and recess 0 Theibolt-slot (1 forms 7 and serves asa path in which the sear-point stands (or moves relatively to the bolt)during the forward and rearward strokes of the bolt relatively to thereceiver. When the bolt is rotated to lock it in firing posi tion, thehandle-arm d moves into the receiver-recess 0 while the bolt-recess ismoved relatively to the sear-point, which point during such movementlies abovethe safetyface or rim (1 The sear is shown operably-supportedby a pivotal connection with the frame and in a position for thefiring-pin-engaging end thereof to coact with the centrally-locatedfiring-pin.

\The slidable l and oscillatable breech-bolt has centrally therein afiringpin, and in the lower side thereof has slotand-recess path-way forthe pin-engaging end of the sear, and also has a sear-blocking means,such as a safetyface or the like, 10-

cated on the rearward side of said pathway recess and in position forcoacting with the sear when the breech-bolt is advanced to forwardposition relatively to the barrel; and the mechanism comprises meansoperable on the oscillation of the breech-bolt in one direction, to lockthis bolt in firing 'position and then withdraw or retract saidsear-blocking means to an ineffective position, and thereby permit theretraction of the sear from the firing-pin.

During the forward loading-stroke of the hollow breech-bolt .D, (as fromposition retracted and firing position while the bolt.

itself (Fig. 7 goes to the forward position,

and then is turned to the firing position 5 thereof. At this time thesafety-face (Z (Figs. 7, 16) is brought directly under, and into thepath of movement of, the sear-point g and thereby positively preventsthe said sear-face g from being disengaged from the firing device alThis safety position will now continue until after the rotation of thebreech-bolt has brought the locking-lugs d cl, thereof into a fullengagement with the coacting abutment faces, as 0 0 of the frame orreceiver,see Figs. 5, 6, 7. If, now, said rotation of the bolt D shallbe great enough, as from position Fig. 6 to position Fig. 7, saidsafety-rim or face (Z .will be withdrawn from under the searso point,and a space, as (Figs. 7,'1 l and 20), will be brought into positiondirectly below the sear-point, so that the sear may now be retracted(downwardly) by the trigger 9?, (Fig. let), and thus release thefirlng-pln or hammer al and so fire the charge,see Fig. 5. Thus theunblocking of the sear as effected by the said rotation of thebreech-bolt, only permits the retraction of the sear from the firing-pinafter the locking of the breech-bolt in firing position.

When the bolt-mechanism is organized in the manner herein described, 7the firing member or hammer d is arranged to also serve as one elementof the shell-ejecting means. The main-spring (Z is shown removablyinclosed within the bolt ina conventional manner.

ing such that in the fully opened position of the mechanism, (Fig. 6),the firing-point projects through the hole (Z and forward of thebolt-face (Z (Fig. 19), far enough to eject'the shell, as at't by theaid of the extractor hook (Z In practice, this'ej'ec tion is'preferablycompleted somewhat before the bolt D reaches its extreme rearwardposition, so that when the stroke'limiting stop K is in operation, theshell will be 1W properly thrown out before this reduced retractivestroke of the breech-bolt is entirely completed. \Vhen thus arranged.and the boltD is fully-retracted as in Fig. the

combined firing and ejecting point (Z protrudes so far forward of theboltface (1 that the uppermost cartridge, as j Fig. 6.+ when movingupwardly from the magazine, will engage under said firing-pin point 0and thereby (for the moment) stop the up ward movement of themagazine-supply of cartridges until the bolt in moving forward a shortdistance shallhave brought the forward endv thereof above the cartridgenext below, and thereby safeguard the action of mechanism during theloadingein operation. Thusthe firing-member 6Z maybe arranged forcoacting in three separate ways wlth Thus the whole length of the saidfiring-pin member is shown as be- 1 00 Tie . other parts of themechanism,-i. 0., as a e forward .endfof the bolt, as atri Fig. 4,

firing-pimas an ejector, as a cartridge-stop.

To provide for han'c'l-loading,,a strokelimiting, orv stroke-changing,means 1531p? plied to the mechanism,-; n somefconvene ientlocation,wherebytoprevent the full 1 retraction ofthe bolt D, and thusleave the projecting. forwardly above the uppermost cartridge J in themagazine,and thus form: ing a stop'device for preventing the ega,zine-spring 7L2 from pushing the follovver' or, elevator h} upwardlyWithin the magazine casing or chamber c Apreferred arrangef ment of sucha stroke-limiter is illustrated '.inc letail in 1 ig s. 2 to 6, wherethebolt- 5 guiding collard? isshoivn provided With I 7 an opening or recess5 "arranged for coacting {with the" forvvardly-proj ecting end it? ofthe shiftable stop k; 1 When the bolt D is retractedgsaid recess (Z?stands in'so'me' one given position circumferentiallyof the boltaxis-and with relation to the receiver (Land-1' hence when the stopK isset in a correj ,sponding circumferential position 6),

the stop-end k tvill enter said recess and so permit the breech-bolt D{(Fig. 6:) to ,be, fully retracted. and thereby withdraw the for- Wardend d of the bolt D (Fig.;. 6): from '7 above the upper cartridge J,Whichfis there upon p'ushedup into position for engaging forwardofthebolt-faced and for'being.

7 thereby loaded into the barrel (Fig; 7])"0n:

the next forward stroke of the breech bolt to firing position.

7 Since it is often desirable or necessary to "load the firearm, and tothenhold the firing pin in safety position for an, indefinite 4 period,means may be provided for acco'ml 'plishing this object by limiting thedescribed i' rotation of the breech bolt toward .firing position, andthereby prevent a complete Withdrawal of thesafety-rim or stop (Z 'fromunder the sear-point. 9 For this'purpose, Ihave provided a' stop-device'in'ithe nature of a rotation-limiter, whereby to sear.

suitably limit the rotation of the bolt 1D and said 'rim or face (Zthereofrelatively to the; One form of stop suitable for said purposes,consists of a "reciprocatably-supported blocking pieceflasc (Figs. 14'to 17). located in position for being slid under the bolt-arm (l andthus prevent saidv arm (Figs. 16'and 17) from being swung down to thefiring position thereof. In the par ticular arrangement hereinillustrated, the blocking-stop 0. consists of a small slidemanually-operable for projecting the stopface 0 thereof under thebolt-arm 0?, (Figs. t

16 and 17 and for withdrawing said stop-' face to the ineffective, ornon-safety posi-j tion,Figs. 14 and. 15. It Will, of course, beunderstood that even in the blocked safety position, (Fig. 16), thelocking-lugs d", d,

'leeted forfillii fiiii ion} is thatthe reeeiveris longitudinal slot orpathway in the lower theirearend' aid r a" fi ti lierwa 1.-- f' bo arl-fat engaged with the receiv y u 935. I. ace w s ely i e d he heeeh-belt ret should cartridge be fil d accidentally or in a" manneri;

Of. nism'iii th.e, arrangemen hereof-herein seg capable, by ra IQIiIof asimple formfif being; ad ly m uf red teim e muih r l v cos a d hllreduce t ther is fl l q 7 iosjs due to the'jbrea'l'zages in; hardeningA" further feature of the ineohanisn irelates.to the. ui ancepf the brech-belt by e sat nose.,;in any 'jcase vvher' other guidingn'ieans maynot "befprbvidedi th refor; E The lside ofthe bolt in which the nose ofthe sear 2 can travel not n1y, ;a110wgt1 sear jnose fto l movetherein,.but also actsafterthe manner. Cr amy-way vvhichesear'nosebecomes 'gi aflieyfv thus. guidingthelb oltj in I.itslfortvarcl motion and! preventinghtsi partial; rotation ilithekl eki gi ie th'.Tb' t r r ithe rear rthe rece've will beseen thatthe searfperf per rmthre tensi ns. 1 9 1 111: "gu ding tllebreech-bolt,

us 'descri ed invention, 5 -I A firearrmfthe Conn-Q w, afb rr h sop'ehelframein position for ng-p -e ga-gi g e d. ere o'ic'oact cen raly-leaned firi g-pin, adewn:

and'foi'vvardly Cl'iliii jgfilcairi face 011* v g -piii engaging-end, aslilflable breech-bolt oscillatable about its; 116 longitudinal axishaying centrally thereina firing-p11 1d having in the loiversidetl1ereoffa" slot}anf ,recess ipath way r01 5 thefiringpinfengaging'end of the sear, and Q g a' dovvnvvardlyand fortvardlyinclining} searblool cing jsa fetyfface located on the'rearvvard: I Isidejofis d pathfvvay recess ofthe breech bolt; mi itpositior'fforpoactifig with the g' I camface of said searwvhen the breech boltis advanced to forvvard position -relatively to .1 20 lto insure thesecure engagement of r i d S6811 i k L h Tpm l1 'In',a breech-lealing;firearmfthe'oome b'ination 'f'of. a} frame, having longitudinallytherein. bre ch-bolt chamber; a"barre1', "a,

searIoperablysupported l in the frame below 7 thebreechabolt chamberandiin position for 7 ''ngin-engaging rearward end thereof to coact witha centrally-located firingspin,

V a downwardly and forwardly inclining cam face on the rear end of saidfiring-pin engagmg end, a breech-bolt slidable in said frame andoscillatable aboutits longitudinal axis and having centrally therein afiring-pin, and having in the lower side thereof a slotand-recesspath-way'which (when the bolt is oscillated to retracting position) hasthe slot when the breech-bolt is advanced toforward rotatable through alocking strokevwhen ad-.

, breech-bolt and arranged for engagingand blocking the sear on t-hesliding of the breech-bolt to, forward position, and for un- V flockingthe sear on the rotating of the position relatively to the barrel toinsure the secure engagement of said sear with said 8. In a firearmmechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatabletubular breech-bolt slidablethrough a loading stroke when in onerotative position and vanced to forward position, a firing-pinreciprocatably-supported within the breechbolt, a sear having a(firing-.pin-engagi-ng face in vposition for engaging the firing-pin onthe forward sliding stroke of the breechbolt,sear-blocln'ng meansappurtenant to the breech-bolt to firing position, a 'handle on saidbreech-bolt, and means slidable into the V path of movement of said.handletoanchor said breech-bolt against rotation beyond saidsearblocking means.

4:. In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a tubular frame, abarrel, a recipro-j catable tubular breech-bolt slidable through aloading stroke when in one rotative position and rotatable through alocking stroke when advanced to forward position, a

spring-actuated firing-pin located and rota-v tably supported within thebreech-bolt, a sear having a firing-pin-engaging face in position, forengaging the firing-pin on the forward sliding stroke of thebreech-bolt,

and sear-blockingmeans in position and ar ranged for blocking the searon the sliding of the breech-bolt to forward position, :and forunlockingthe sear ontherotating of the bree'chbolt to firing position, ahandle on said-breech bolt, and means slidable into the path of movementof said handle to anchor said breech-bolt against rotation beyond saidsear blocking means.

5., In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocatabletnbular breech bolt having a shell-seat at the forward endthereof, a rim at said shell-seat partly broken away, a'combined ejectorand firing pin member operably carried within the breech bolt,therebeing a hook-receiving opening in said rim opposite said broken awayportion, and an extractor operably supported by a pivotal connectionwith the breech boltandhaving ahook extending beyond said shell-seat andregistering in said shell-seat when the breech-bolt is fully retracted,a magazine and means therein for .elevatinga cartridge to engage theforward end 0f the breech-bolt below said projecting stop when thebreech-bolt is in thefully retracted position thereof, means foroperating the'breechboltand limiting the stroke thereof, and meansoperative during the forward movement of the breech-bolt'for retractingsaid firing-pin :and stop relatively to the breech-bolt. V

-7. In a' firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocatable hollow breech-bolt having a shell-seat at the forward endthereof and provided withhan extractor, a comblned fir1ng p1n-andcartridge-stop carried within the breech-bolt and normally projectingforwardly ofjsaid shell-seat when :the breech-bolt is fully retracted, amagazine and means therein for elevating a cartridge to engage theforward end of the breech-bolt below said projecting stop when thebreech-bolt is in the fully retracted position thereof, means foroperating the breech-bolt and limiting the stroke thereof, and asear-and-trigger device operative during the forward movementof thebreech-bolt for retracting said firing-pin and stop relatively to thebreech-bolt.

8. Ina firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocatablehollow breech-bolt having a shell-seat at the forward endthereof and Provided with an extractor, a combined firing-pin andcartridge-stop carried within the breech-bolt .and normally projectingforwardly of said shell-seat when the breech-bolt is fully retracted, amagazine and means therein for elevating a cartridge to engage forwardof the breech-bolt, below said projecting stop,

and arranged whenin one position'for permitting and when in the otherposition for preventing bolt. e V

, 9. In a firearm mechanism, the combination of a frame, a barrel, areciprocatable hollow breech-bolt havinga shell-seat at the forward endthereof and provided with an extractor, a combined firing-pin andcartridgestop carried within the breech-bolt and normally projectingforwardly of said shellsea-t whenthebreech-bo-lt is fullyretracted,v

"a magazine and means or elevating a car- 'tridge' to engage. forward ofthe breechthereof, means for operating the breech'-bolt," "asear-and-trigger device arranged and opbolt, below said projecting stop,when the breech-bolt isin the fully retracted position erable duringtheforward movement ofthe IOQ'In a" firearm mechanism, thecombina- Ltion'ofa frame, abarrel, a reciprocatable breech-bolt provided with anextractor, a

.30 combined firing-pin and cartridge-stop' 'carbreech bolt forretracting saidffiring-pin'a'nd relatively' to the breech-bolt, andbolt- 1 stroke limiting means cooperative I as between the frameandbreech-bolt and settable' two positions. and arranged when in oneposition for permitting and when in' the other position for preventingthe full retrac-f" tionof the breech-bolt.

fried Z within. the ibreech-boltand normally ji the forward movementofthe breech-bolt for gprojectingforwardly of the breech-bolt when' 1 thisholt; is fully; retracted, a'magazine and ineansfthereiii *forj'elevating a" cartridge to J'en'ga''gef lfo'rward of thes breech-boltbelow sa idprojecting stop when the breech-bolt is. "in thefully'retracted position thereof, means for operating the breech-bolt, asear-andtrigger device arranged and operable during L retracting" saidfiring-pin and stop relatively to the breech-bolt, and abolt-stroke-limiting device carried on the frame and settable in twopositions and arranged, when in one pos tion, for permitting, and wheninthe other position for preventingthe full retraction of thebreech-bolt. 1

the breechbolt, and Jan vextractor'operably' AiItIi 'QQ m wa ter d a ie';said extractor, being provided with a 'cylinv connected to said"breechbo1t at one side of dricalopening' coinciding in position withthe. axia'l opening throughfwhich the firing pin must pass in the boltand havinga hookk located g'miithe fother side of the said pin and in qe jat vere t q w t a d shell sea-an me ns ri tet a n s releasing andforwardly-actuating said ejector and firing.

the full retraction of thebreechfor a firing? pin" engaging end Vthereof? t "coact'with a centrallyglocated firingpin, a:

V j V mechanism, the combina tion of a fr'ame,a barrel, a reciprocatabletubular breech bolt having a shellseat at the s forward end thereof, acombined ejector'and: 'ffiring pinmember openably carried within" pinmember', the shell' seat andhook forming a rim partially broken'away tofacilitate 1 c H ejection. ofwthe cartridge; 7

12. In a firearmmechanism, the'combina-g.

tion of a frame, a barrel, a reciprocatable 'hollow'breech-bolt, anextractor, a firing pin vq'arried within'the breech-bolt, a magazine, o1 "and means for elevating a cartridge to en: 7

gage the forward eiidfof thebreech-bolt when the breech-boltisin'thefully retract ed position, means foroperating the breech i 1bolt, a 'sear and trigger-device arranged and,

OperableQduring the forward movement of f the -'breech-boltforretracting said firing'pin;

relatively to the breeoh bolt; a bolt-stroke? limiting platehaving areceding abutment and an advance abutment mounted in said lframe to be''sli'dable in two positions, 'inoi e pqsit on to per sa c o t eli p rai-Wi d re e ng". u e tia d 4 bolt and in the other position tofpe'rmitsaid: breech-bolt to cooperate with said'fadvance abutment andpreventthefull; retraction off 1 Saidife htoit.

1,132 In a breech load ii'ig firearm, v the tm fbin-ationof va barrel,"a dufally constructed i frame," the forward member ofwhichflrefceivesthe barreland' supports the shock 1 3 the explosion ofthe cartridge 'whilethe rearwa rd portion acts as a guide and'V-r'eceiveri forbolt and sear the latter being op erably supported; lin theframe. ,in pgsitijoi slidable' breech-5 bolt oscillatablefiabout; itslongitudinal axis], andj 'having centrally" therein a'fii'lng' imand h yside thereofa slot and'fecess'for the firing; c end of the sear andfaremovable stop' car I ried bytheyreceiveradjacentfits rearend,

said stop having: a receding abutriient and c an advance abutment, andmounted in' said receiver to be slidable in twopositions,in-

one position to permit said breech-bolt to cooperate with said recedingabutment, and .permit"'the full retraction ofrsaid 'breech 1bolt'andinthe other position to permit'said breech-bolt to cooperatewithisaid'advance; abutment and prevent the full retraction of} 1 saidbreech-bolt, said stop removable for permittin-g'theslidablebreechbolt'toibe enmay w thd aw m h ee i er-i; o 111"afbreech'loadingfirearni,the cjqm I T i ml fga barreLa dua1ly construted frame;theforward;memberof which re;

ceives the barrel and supports the'shockff" 7 of :thev'explosion of thecartridge while the rearward portion actsras a guide and r caveafor boltandsear thela tter being oper p ably supported in 'theflframe 'inposition @3125 es e th fi i a p n, ai pi r h i t t slldable breech bolt,and "a removable stop earned bythereeeiver' adjacent its rear-end}; j;

said stop havinga receding abutment and an advance abutment and mountedin Said receiver to be slid-able in two positions, in one position topermit said breech-bolt to cooperate with said receding abutment andpermit the full retraction of said breechbolt and in the other positionto permit said breech-bolt to cooperate With said advance abutment andprevent the full retraction of said breech-bolt, said stop removable for10 permitting the slidable breech-bolt to be entirely Withdrawn from thereceiver.

WILLIAM D. FORBES. WVitnesses:

HENRY ADAMS, RUTHL. FORBES.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents' each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

